Documents: Life and Afterlife in Mesopotamia and Egypt

In Search of Eternal Life:

• Gilgamesh - becoming civilized
• Civilization - The transformation of when the beast started to become human

Beast:

1. Wilderness
2. Silence
3. Shaggy (facial hair, long)
4. No settled living
5. Ate grass, including the animals
6. Friends = animals
7. Relied on water (only liquid)

Human:

1. Oils (Moisturizing)
2. Bread (Alternative made from the grass)
3. Friends = other humans
4. Beer (Alternative drink instead of water)
5. Protect humans
6. Weapons
7. Challenge each other 

Law and Justice in Ancient Mesopotamia (95-97):

• On Crime, Punishment, and Justice
• On the Economy
• On Class and Slavery
• On Men and Women - Different rules, unfair

The Afterlife of a Pharaoh:

• You have to be great to others in order to go to "Afterlife"
• Surrounding yourself with happiness
• God taking your hand to heaven

A New Basis for Egyptian Immorality/The Occupations of Old Egypt:

• Improving writing was a key factor
• Communication
• Practices

Defining Civilization:What features of civilization, described in Chapter 2, do the documents illustrate?

- The meaning of civilized to the Mesopotamians meant transforming from being a beast to a human. In the story of Gilgamesh, they discovered different changes of how people lived and what they've become. One example, people starting eat differently. Instead of relying on grass and drinking water, they've expanded their knowledge by making other food/drinks by using the sources that they already have.

- There's still segregation between men and women (treated differently, unfair)

- Different religions, but people still believe in afterlife

- Communication is important. We still use the "tool" of writing and speak to each other